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Beginner's Guide to Peptides

Everything you need to know to get started with research peptides.

1. What Are Peptides?

Peptides are short chains of amino acids — the building blocks of proteins. While proteins can contain hundreds or thousands of amino acids, peptides typically contain between 2 and 50. This smaller size allows them to be absorbed more easily and act more precisely on specific biological targets.

In research settings, synthetic peptides are used to study a wide range of biological processes including tissue repair, hormone regulation, metabolism, immune function, and neurological activity.

Key takeaway: Peptides are smaller, more targeted versions of proteins that can influence specific biological pathways.

2. How Do Peptides Work?

Peptides work by binding to specific receptors on cell surfaces, triggering biological responses. Different peptides target different receptors:

  • GLP-1 receptor agonists (Tirzepatide, Semaglutide) — mimic incretin hormones to regulate appetite and metabolism
  • Growth hormone secretagogues (Ipamorelin, CJC 1295) — stimulate the pituitary gland to release natural growth hormone
  • Healing peptides (BPC-157, TB-500) — promote tissue repair, reduce inflammation, and accelerate recovery
  • Melanocortin agonists (MT-2, PT-141) — activate melanocortin receptors involved in pigmentation and sexual function
  • Neuropeptides (Semax, Selank) — modulate neurotransmitter systems for cognitive and anxiolytic effects

3. Peptide Categories Explained

Weight Management

GLP-1 and multi-receptor agonists that regulate appetite, insulin, and metabolism. The fastest-growing category in peptide research.

Tirzepatide, Semaglutide, Retatrutide

Growth Hormone

Secretagogues and releasing hormones that stimulate natural GH production from the pituitary gland.

HGH, Ipamorelin, CJC 1295, Sermorelin

Healing & Recovery

Tissue repair peptides that accelerate wound healing, reduce inflammation, and support gut health.

BPC-157, TB-500, KLOW Blend

Anti-Aging & Longevity

Compounds targeting cellular energy, telomeres, collagen production, and oxidative stress.

GHK-CU, NAD+, Epithalon, MOTS-c

Cognitive

Nootropic peptides that enhance focus, memory, and neuroprotection without sedative effects.

Semax, Selank, Adamax

Fat Loss

Targeted fat metabolism compounds that don't affect growth hormone or blood sugar levels.

AOD9604, 5-AMINO-1MQ, Aicar

View all 11 categories →

4. How to Reconstitute a Peptide

Most peptides come as a lyophilised (freeze-dried) powder in a sealed vial. Before use, they need to be reconstituted with bacteriostatic water.

1

Clean

Wipe the top of the peptide vial and the bacteriostatic water vial with an alcohol swab.

2

Draw Water

Using a syringe, draw your desired amount of bacteriostatic water (typically 1-2ml for most peptides).

3

Add Slowly

Insert the needle into the peptide vial and release the water slowly down the side of the vial. Do NOT spray directly onto the powder.

4

Swirl Gently

Gently swirl the vial until the powder is fully dissolved. Never shake — this can damage the peptide structure.

5

Refrigerate

Store the reconstituted vial in the refrigerator (2-8°C). Use within 4-6 weeks.

Pro tip: Use our Dosage Calculator to calculate the exact volume to draw for your desired dose after reconstitution.

5. Understanding Dosing

Peptide doses are typically measured in micrograms (mcg) or milligrams (mg). After reconstitution, you draw a specific volume from the vial using an insulin syringe.

The formula:
Concentration = Peptide amount (mg) × 1000 ÷ Water added (ml) = mcg/ml

Volume to draw = Desired dose (mcg) ÷ Concentration (mcg/ml) = ml

Example: 10mg peptide + 2ml water = 5000 mcg/ml. For a 250mcg dose: 250 ÷ 5000 = 0.05ml = 5 units on an insulin syringe.

Not sure which dose is right? Use our Find Your Peptide tool — it recommends peptides and starting doses based on your research goals.

6. Storage & Handling

StateTemperatureDuration
Unreconstituted (powder)2-8°C (fridge) or -20°C (freezer)Up to 24 months
Reconstituted (mixed)2-8°C (fridge only)4-6 weeks
Room temperature (unmixed)Below 25°CUp to 90 days
  • Keep away from direct sunlight and heat
  • Do not freeze reconstituted peptides
  • Always use bacteriostatic water (not sterile water) — it contains 0.9% benzyl alcohol as a preservative
  • Use a fresh needle each time you draw from the vial

7. Vials vs Pens

Vials

  • Lower cost per dose
  • Requires reconstitution
  • Flexible dosing (any amount)
  • Needs syringes and bac water
  • Best for experienced researchers

Pens

  • Pre-loaded and ready to use
  • No mixing required
  • Precise, dial-a-dose mechanism
  • More convenient and portable
  • Best for beginners or travel

8. Starter Packs by Goal

Not sure where to start? Here are recommended beginner research protocols by goal:

Weight Management Starter

Start low and titrate up. GLP-1 agonists are the gold standard for metabolic research.

Healing & Recovery Starter

The "Wolverine Stack" — the most popular healing combination in peptide research.

Anti-Aging Starter

Copper peptide for skin/collagen + NAD+ for cellular energy and longevity research.

Growth Hormone Starter

The classic GH stack — pulsatile release with minimal side effects. Best taken before bed.

Cognitive Starter

Semax for focus and BDNF. Selank for calm focus and anxiety reduction. Both are intranasal.

9. Safety & Best Practices

  • Source quality matters — always use third-party tested peptides (we use Janoshik Analytical)
  • Use bacteriostatic water — never tap water, distilled water, or sterile water without preservative
  • Start low — begin with the lowest recommended dose and titrate up gradually
  • Keep sterile — always swab vial tops and use fresh needles
  • Store correctly — refrigerate all peptides, both mixed and unmixed
  • Track your research — keep a log of doses, timing, and observations
  • Research disclaimer — all products are for research purposes only, not for human consumption

Ready to Start?

Browse our collections or use our tools to find exactly what you need.